Notes

1. Quatuor meaning “four” and Coronati meaning “crowned” – which is where we get our word “coronation”.

2. The Church of the Four Crowned Martyrs was built in 619 AD and is now the site of St Alphege’s Church in Canterbury.

3. Operative Stonemasons still revere “Ars Quatore Coronatum” (the art of the four crowned men) in Italy and Germany.

4. The website for the Quatuor Coronati Lodge 2076, which expertly describes the history of the Quatuor Coronati, can be found here: http://www.quatuorcoronati.com/the-legend.html

5. An alternative version of these deaths is that they were thrown into the River Tiber, after being scourged with leaden thongs and encased in lead cases. In this version, the five masons were beheaded and scourged to death.

References

• Baldwin, R. (2007) Social History of Art. Connecticut College. Available from http://www.saylor.org/site/wp-content/uploads/2012/01/ARTH206-1.2.4-Baldwin-Renaissance-Humanism-an-Overview.pdf (Accessed on 29/03/2016)

• Baxter, R. (1918) The Legend of the Quatuor Coronati. The Manchester Association of Masonic Research. United Kingdom: E Wrigley & Sons Ltd.

• Carr, H. (1977) The Freemason at Work. London: Printed Privately.

• In Italy. (no date) The Basilica of the Santi Quattro Coronati. InItaly.com. Available from http://www.initaly.com/regions/latium/church/4cor.htm (Accessed on 29/03/2016)

• Johnstone, M. (2014) Freemasons – An ancient brotherhood revealed. London: Arcturus Publishing

• Pick, F. and Knight, G. (1954) The Pocket Handbook of Freemasonry. London: Frederick Muller Ltd.

• QCL. (no date) The Legend of the Quatuor Coronati. Quatuor Coronati Lodge 2076. Available from http://www.quatuorcoronati.com/the-legend (Accessed on 29/03/2016)

• SQC. (no date) Santi Quattro Coronati. Available from http://www.santiquattrocoronati.org/index_enn.htm (Accessed on 29/03/2016)

Many thanks are given and reference made to the following in preparation of this document.